Congenital Masses and Lesions

Congenital masses and lesions are structural abnormalities that appear at birth or in the first months of life. The main types are:

Congenital Nevus

Congenital nevi can appear at birth or within the first 6 months. They can range from a few millimeters to covering nearly the entire body. Their appearance changes as the child grows. They may have hair follicles.

Congenital nevi are initially benign lesions. However, they have a higher risk of malignant transformation with age compared to other nevi. Therefore, they should be closely monitored and surgically removed if necessary.

Hemangioma

Hemangiomas can be defined as benign tumors originating from blood vessels. They are more common in girls and premature babies. Approximately 90-95% of hemangiomas regress by age 10, and regressed hemangiomas largely leave no symptoms.

For those requiring treatment, non-surgical treatments are considered first. Surgery is performed when all other methods fail. Surgery is part of treatment for hemangiomas that cause functional impairment, fail to respond to other treatments, or have frequent bleeding.

Dermoid Cyst

Dermoid cysts are congenital masses that can appear anywhere on the body. 7% of all dermoid cysts occur in the head-neck region, mostly around the eyes, particularly at the outer eyebrow. They are benign masses but may extend into the brain in some cases. Treatment is surgical removal.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do hemangiomas require treatment?

Approximately 90-95% of hemangiomas regress spontaneously by age 10. For those requiring treatment, non-surgical methods are tried first; if unsuccessful, surgery is performed.

Can congenital nevi turn into cancer?

Congenital nevi are initially benign but have a higher risk of malignant transformation with age compared to other nevi. They should be closely monitored and surgically removed if necessary.

Congenital Masses and Lesions